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Published entity metadata

Read-only identity and editorial metadata.

Canonical name
Minerva
Disambiguator
None
Kind
Deity
Scope
Individual
Editorial note
No editorial note published.

Aliases

7

daughter of aegis-bearing Jove

Descriptive reference · Direct

Pallas Minerva

Alternative name · Reported

Minerva of Alalcomene

Epithet · Direct

driver of the spoil

Title · Direct

Trito-born

Epithet · Direct

goddess of plunder

Title · Direct

Jove’s greyeyed daughter

Descriptive reference · Direct

Location presence

Phase 6 currently covers 24 processed books.

23
Heaven3 observations
·Direct

Minerva came down from Heaven, establishing her prior presence there.

See evidence text
Minerva came down from heaven
·Reported

Minerva states that she has come from Heaven, establishing her prior presence there.

See evidence text
I come from heaven
·Direct

Minerva was seated in the heavenly assembly.

See evidence text
The goddess took her dark veil, than which there can be no robe more sombre, and went forth with fleet Iris leading the way before her. The waves of the sea opened them a path, and when they reached the shore they flew up into the heavens, where they found the all-seeing son of Saturn with the blessed gods that live for ever assembled near him. Minerva gave up her seat to her, and she sat down by the side of father Jove. Juno then placed a fair golden cup in her hand, and spoke to her in words of comfort, whereon Thetis drank and gave her back the cup
house of Jove3 observations
·Direct

Minerva returned to the house of Jove.

See evidence text
Then she went back to Olympus among the other gods, and to the house of aegis-bearing Jove
·Direct

Minerva went back again to the house of Jove.

See evidence text
Minerva of Alalcomene, now that they had put a stop to the murderous doings of Mars, went back again to the house of Jove
·Direct

After feeding Achilles with nectar and ambrosia, Minerva returns to the house of Jove.

See evidence text
when Minerva had dropped nectar and ambrosia into Achilles so that no cruel hunger should cause his limbs to fail him, she went back to the house of her mighty father.
Olympus5 observations
·Direct

Minerva went back to Olympus.

See evidence text
Then she went back to Olympus
·Direct

Minerva darts down from the topmost summits of Olympus.

See evidence text
Down she darted from the topmost summits of Olympus
·Direct

Minerva darts down from the topmost summits of Olympus, establishing her presence there before her descent.

See evidence text
Minerva was already eager to do, so down she darted from the topmost summits of Olympus
·Direct

Minerva reached the topmost ridges of Olympus with Juno.

See evidence text
Meanwhile Minerva flung her richly embroidered vesture, made with her own hands, on to her father’s threshold, and donned the shirt of Jove, arming herself for battle. She threw her tasselled aegis about her shoulders, wreathed round with Rout as with a fringe, and on it were Strife, and Strength, and Panic whose blood runs cold; moreover there was the head of the dread monster Gorgon, grim and awful to behold, portent of aegis-bearing Jove. On her head she set her helmet of gold, with four plumes, and coming to a peak both in front and behind—decked with the emblems of a hundred cities; then she stepped into her flaming chariot and grasped the spear, so stout and sturdy and strong, with which she quells the ranks of heroes who have displeased her. Juno lashed the horses on, and the gates of heaven bellowed as they flew open of their own accord—gates over which the Hours preside, in whose hands are Heaven and Olympus, either to open the dense cloud that hides them, or to close it. Through these the goddesses drove their obedient steeds, and found the son of Saturn sitting all alone on the topmost ridges of Olympus
·Direct

Minerva is physically present on Olympus, sitting apart from Jove.

See evidence text
Presently father Jove drove his chariot to Olympus, and entered the assembly of gods. The mighty lord of the earthquake unyoked his horses for him, set the car upon its stand, and threw a cloth over it. Jove then sat down upon his golden throne and Olympus reeled beneath him. Minerva and Juno sat alone, apart from Jove
gates of heaven2 observations
·Direct

Minerva rode through the gates of heaven.

See evidence text
Meanwhile Minerva flung her richly embroidered vesture, made with her own hands, on to her father’s threshold, and donned the shirt of Jove, arming herself for battle. She threw her tasselled aegis about her shoulders, wreathed round with Rout as with a fringe, and on it were Strife, and Strength, and Panic whose blood runs cold; moreover there was the head of the dread monster Gorgon, grim and awful to behold, portent of aegis-bearing Jove. On her head she set her helmet of gold, with four plumes, and coming to a peak both in front and behind—decked with the emblems of a hundred cities; then she stepped into her flaming chariot and grasped the spear, so stout and sturdy and strong, with which she quells the ranks of heroes who have displeased her. Juno lashed the horses on, and the gates of heaven bellowed as they flew open of their own accord—gates over which the Hours preside, in whose hands are Heaven and Olympus, either to open the dense cloud that hides them, or to close it. Through these the goddesses drove their obedient steeds
·Direct

Minerva rides physically through the gates of heaven with Juno.

See evidence text
Minerva daughter of aegis-bearing Jove flung her richly vesture, made with her own hands, on to the threshold of her father, and donned the shirt of Jove, arming herself for battle. Then she stepped into her flaming chariot, and grasped the spear so stout and sturdy and strong with which she quells the ranks of heroes who have displeased her. Juno lashed her horses, and the gates of heaven bellowed as they flew open of their own accord—gates over which the Hours preside, in whose hands are heaven and Olympus, either to open the dense cloud that hides them or to close it. Through these the goddesses drove their obedient steeds
Jove’s oak tree2 observations
·Direct

Minerva is one member of the explicitly named pair that meets by Jove’s oak tree.

See evidence text
Minerva saw these men making havoc of the Argives, she darted down to Ilius from the summits of Olympus, and Apollo, who was looking on from Pergamus, went out to meet her; for he wanted the Trojans to be victorious. The pair met by the oak tree
·Disguised

Minerva is perched on Jove’s oak tree in the likeness of a vulture.

See evidence text
Minerva and Apollo, in the likeness of vultures, perched on father Jove’s high oak tree
Pylos1 observation
·Remembered

Minerva descended and found the willing soldiers in Pylos.

See evidence text
Minerva darted down by night from Olympus and bade us set ourselves in array; and she found willing soldiers in Pylos
Achaeans’ trench1 observation
·Direct

Minerva stands by the Achaeans’ trench.

See evidence text
Minerva raised her loud voice, now standing by the deep trench that ran outside the wall
·Direct

Minerva takes her seat with Neptune’s allied gods at the high earth-barrow of Hercules.

See evidence text
Here Neptune and those that were with him took their seats
Xanthus1 observation
·Disguised

Minerva approaches Achilles at Xanthus in the likeness of a man.

See evidence text
Neptune and Minerva came up to him in the likeness of two men, and took him by the hand
plain of Troy1 observation
·Direct

Minerva stands on the plain of Troy and uses its boundary stone against Mars.

See evidence text
seized a stone that was lying on the plain— great and rugged and black—which men of old had set for the boundary of a field. With this she struck Mars
·Direct

Minerva approached Achilles beside the cold spring feeding Scamander.

See evidence text
Then, at last, as they were nearing the fountains for the fourth time, the father of all balanced his golden scales and placed a doom in each of them, one for Achilles and the other for Hector. As he held the scales by the middle, the doom of Hector fell down deep into the house of Hades—and then Phoebus Apollo left him. Thereon Minerva went close up to the son of Peleus
·Direct

Minerva approached Achilles beside the warm spring feeding Scamander.

See evidence text
Then, at last, as they were nearing the fountains for the fourth time, the father of all balanced his golden scales and placed a doom in each of them, one for Achilles and the other for Hector. As he held the scales by the middle, the doom of Hector fell down deep into the house of Hades—and then Phoebus Apollo left him. Thereon Minerva went close up to the son of Peleus
wall of Ilius1 observation
·Disguised

Minerva, in Deiphobus’s form, was physically present outside the wall of Ilius.

See evidence text
Deiphobus, you have always been dearest to me of all my brothers, children of Hecuba and Priam, but henceforth I shall rate you yet more highly, inasmuch as you have ventured outside the wall

Claims

83
·Direct

Sent from heaven by Juno, Minerva is visible to Achilles alone, seizes his yellow hair, and is recognized by the fire flashing from her eyes.

See evidence text
Minerva came down from heaven (for Juno had sent her in the love she bore to them both), and seized the son of Peleus by his yellow hair, visible to him alone, for of the others no man could see her. Achilles turned in amaze, and by the fire that flashed from her eyes at once knew that she was Minerva.
·Direct

Minerva commands Achilles to stay his anger, keep his sword sheathed, and confine himself to railing, while predicting threefold gifts for the insult.

See evidence text
I come from heaven, if you will hear me, to bid you stay your anger. Juno has sent me, who cares for both of you alike. Cease, then, this brawling, and do not draw your sword; rail at him if you will, and your railing will not be vain, for I tell you—and it shall surely be—that you shall hereafter receive gifts three times as splendid by reason of this present insult. Hold, therefore, and obey.’
·Reported

Achilles reports that Minerva joined a plot to bind Jove before Thetis intervened.

See evidence text
when the others, with Juno, Neptune, and Pallas Minerva would have put him in bonds
·Direct

Minerva darts from Olympus to the Achaean ships and closely instructs Ulysses to stop the host from launching its ships.

See evidence text
Minerva was not slack to do her bidding. Down she darted from the topmost summits of Olympus, and in a moment she was at the ships of the Achaeans. There she found Ulysses, peer of Jove in counsel, standing alone. He had not as yet laid a hand upon his ship, for he was grieved and sorry; so she went close up to him and said, ‘Ulysses, noble son of Laertes, are you going to fling yourselves into your ships and be off home to your own land in this way? Will you leave Priam and the Trojans the glory of still keeping Helen, for whose sake so many of the Achaeans have died at Troy, far from their homes? Go about at once among the host, and speak fairly to them, man by man, that they draw not their ships into the sea.’
·Disguised

Minerva takes the likeness of a herald and bids the people be still so that even those far away can hear Ulysses.

See evidence text
Thus said the people. Then Ulysses rose, sceptre in hand, and Minerva in the likeness of a herald bade the people be still, that those who were far off might hear him and consider his council. He therefore with all sincerity and goodwill addressed them thus:—
·Direct

Minerva moves furiously among the Achaean host carrying her priceless aegis, urging every man forward and putting ceaseless courage for battle into each heart.

See evidence text
Thus did he speak, and Agamemnon heeded his words. He at once sent the criers round to call the people in assembly. So they called them, and the people gathered thereon. The chiefs about the son of Atreus chose their men and marshalled them, while Minerva went among them holding her priceless aegis that knows neither age nor death. From it there waved a hundred tassels of pure gold, all deftly woven, and each one of them worth a hundred oxen. With this she darted furiously everywhere among the hosts of the Achaeans, urging them forward, and putting courage into the heart of each, so that he might fight and do battle without ceasing. Thus war became sweeter in their eyes even than returning home in their ships. As when some great forest fire is raging upon a mountain top and its light is seen afar, even so as they marched the gleam of their armour flashed up into the firmament of heaven.
·Direct

Minerva fostered the soil-born Erechtheus and established him in her rich sanctuary at Athens.

See evidence text
And they that held the strong city of Athens, the people of great Erechtheus, who was born of the soil itself, but Jove’s daughter, Minerva, fostered him, and established him at Athens in her own rich sanctuary. There, year by year, the Athenian youths worship him with sacrifices of bulls and rams. These were commanded by Menestheus, son of Peteos. No man living could equal him in the marshalling of chariots and foot soldiers. Nestor could alone rival him, for he was older. With him there came fifty ships.
·Reported

Alexandrus attributes Menelaus’s victory over him to Minerva’s help.

See evidence text
with the help of Minerva, Menelaus has vanquished me
·Direct

Minerva plots harm for the Trojans beside Juno, mutters discontent, scowls at her father in fury, and remains silent.

See evidence text
Minerva and Juno muttered their discontent as they sat side by side hatching mischief for the Trojans. Minerva scowled at her father, for she was in a furious passion with him, and said nothing
·Direct

Jove commands Minerva to enter both hosts and contrive that the Trojans break their oaths and attack first.

See evidence text
said to Minerva, ‘Go at once into the Trojan and Achaean hosts, and contrive that the Trojans shall be the first to break their oaths and set upon the Achaeans
·Direct

Already eager for the task, Minerva darts from Olympus and shoots through the sky like a brilliant meteor trailing fire.

See evidence text
This was what Minerva was already eager to do, so down she darted from the topmost summits of Olympus. She shot through the sky as some brilliant meteor which the son of scheming Saturn has sent as a sign to mariners or to some great army, and a fiery train of light follows in its wake
·Disguised

Minerva takes Laodocus’s form, finds Pandarus among his followers, and in disguise tempts him to shoot Menelaus for honour and reward, directing a vow to Apollo.

See evidence text
Then Minerva took the form of Laodocus, son of Antenor, and went through the ranks of the Trojans to find Pandarus, the redoubtable son of Lycaon. She found him standing among the stalwart heroes who had followed him from the banks of the Aesopus, so she went close up to him and said, ‘Brave son of Lycaon, will you do as I tell you? If you dare send an arrow at Menelaus you will win honour and thanks from all the Trojans, and especially from prince Alexandrus—he would be the first to requite you very handsomely if he could see Menelaus mount his funeral pyre, slain by an arrow from your hand. Take your home aim then, and pray to Lycian Apollo, the famous archer; vow that when you get home to your strong city of Zelea you will offer a hecatomb of firstling lambs in his honour
·Direct

Minerva stands before Menelaus and wards off the arrow.

See evidence text
Jove’s daughter, driver of the spoil, was the first to stand before thee and ward off the piercing arrow
·Reported

Agamemnon’s second-hand account credits Minerva with mightily helping Tydeus.

See evidence text
so mightily did Minerva help him
·Direct

In contrast to the Trojan ranks inspired by Mars, the other ranks are inspired by Minerva.

See evidence text
These were inspired of Mars, but the others by Minerva
·Direct

Minerva moves among the Achaeans and urges them forward whenever she sees them slackening.

See evidence text
the Trito-born, went about among the host of the Achaeans, and urged them forward whenever she beheld them slackening
·Hypothetical

The narrator imagines Minerva leading an observer safely by the hand and shielding him from spears and arrows.

See evidence text
if he could have gone about among it scatheless and unwounded, with Minerva leading him by the hand, and protecting him from the storm of spears and arrows
·Direct

Minerva gives Diomed valour, kindles star-like fire upon his shield, helmet, head, and shoulders, and sends him into the thickest fighting.

See evidence text
Then Pallas Minerva put valour into the heart of Diomed, son of Tydeus, that he might excel all the other Argives, and cover himself with glory. She made a stream of fire flare from his shield and helmet like the star that shines most brilliantly in summer after its bath in the waters of Oceanus—even such a fire did she kindle upon his head and shoulders as she bade him speed into the thickest hurlyburly of the fight.
·Direct

Minerva takes Mars by the hand and proposes that they leave the battle to the mortal armies and avoid Jove’s anger.

See evidence text
Minerva, therefore, took Mars by the hand and said, ‘Mars, Mars, bane of men, bloodstained stormer of cities, may we not now leave the Trojans and Achaeans to fight it out, and see to which of the two Jove will vouchsafe the victory? Let us go away, and thus avoid his anger.
·Direct

Minerva draws Mars out of battle and sets him on Scamander’s steep banks.

See evidence text
So saying, she drew Mars out of the battle, and set him down upon the steep banks of the Scamander.

Additional evidence

Evidence records not already represented by a claim.

24
·Direct
Minerva came down from heaven
·Reported
with the help of Minerva
·Direct
Minerva of Alalcomene
·Disguised
Minerva took the form of Laodocus, son of Antenor
·Direct
Jove’s daughter, driver of the spoil
·Direct
Jove’s redoubtable daughter, the Trito-born
·Disguised
Minerva and Apollo, in the likeness of vultures
·Direct
Minerva answered
·Remembered
Minerva and Juno will make you strong if they choose
·Simile
skilful as Minerva
·Direct
Juno and Minerva thundered
·Hypothetical
Minerva, marshaller of hosts
·Direct
the wondrous robe which Minerva had worked for her
·Direct
had not Minerva, alarmed for the safety of the gods
·Direct
Minerva go in among the host
·Disguised
she took the form and voice of Phoenix
·Direct
said presently to Minerva
·Direct
Pallas Minerva
·Disguised
Neptune and Minerva came up to him in the likeness of two men
·Direct
murderous Mars strike her with his great spear
·Direct
Then Minerva said
·Disguised
Minerva left him and went after Hector in the form and with the voice of Deiphobus
·Direct
Minerva saw the trick which Apollo had played
·Direct
Minerva gave up her seat to her

Passage preview

Book 1 · Passage 18

The son of Peleus was furious, and his heart within his shaggy breast was divided whether to draw his sword, push the others aside, and kill the son of Atreus, or to restrain himself and check his anger. While he was thus in two minds, and was drawing his mighty sword from its scabbard, Minerva came down from heaven (for Juno had sent her in the love she bore to them both), and seized the son of Peleus by his yellow hair, visible to him alone, for of the others no man could see her. Achilles turned in amaze, and by the fire that flashed from her eyes at once knew that she was Minerva. ‘Why are you here,’ said he, ‘daughter of aegis-bearing Jove? To see the pride of Agamemnon, son of Atreus? Let me tell you—and it shall surely be—he shall pay for this insolence with his life.’